Abstract

This research discusses the geographical position of Erbil and its name in different periods of history. Erbil has a very ancient history that is not known exactly, but for the first time its name dates back to the Akkadian period. Then, during Erbil in the Gutian Period, there was clear reference to an attack on Erbil by the kings, Erbil in the Ur III Period Year names indicate that Erbil (Urbilum). Its name appears in ancient Babylonian, ancient Assyrian and Central Assyrian times. It is interesting that in the Neo-Assyrian period, the name of Erbil came as (Arba- ilu) Many historians have attributed the name of Erbil to that time as the city of four gods This is a mistake because the name was only used at that time and an abbreviated term used by the Assyrians for many cities in Mesopotamia. In the Achaemenid period, the name of Erbil was (Arbira). In the Greek period, the name was (Arbela). Then, according to the times, the name changed to Hawler. These changes are presented on a scientific basis within the framework of the study

Keywords:

• هه‌ولێر ، ده‌قه‌ مێخییه‌كان، ئه‌ربائیلۆ ، ئوربیلوم ، ئوربیل,
• هولیر، نص المسمارية، أربائیلو، أوربیلوم، أوربیل,
• Hawler, Cuneiformes text, Arbailu, Urbilum , Urbil